Law is the set of rules which govern the conduct of individuals and groups within social and governmental institutions. It has been described as a science, an art, and a process of justice. State-enforced laws are established by a legislative body (a group of legislators or an individual legislator), but they may also be created by judges and other administrative officials. Private parties can also use laws to create binding contracts and arbitration agreements. Various legal systems have been developed throughout history, including the Roman and Chinese legal systems.

Regulatory laws govern the provision of public services and utilities, such as utilities like electricity. These laws protect public interests by limiting the monopolies that can control the supply and price of goods. Privatisation has taken many public services out of the hands of governments, but it has also bound private companies to certain social responsibility requirements. Many OECD countries have regulated the industries that supply electricity, gas, water, and telecomms.

Federal and state constitutions establish certain rules and protections for employees. In addition, statutes govern the employment relationship, such as the National Labor Relations Act and state employment laws. Federal employment laws, on the other hand, do not address the DHS, which has very limited rights.